Disclaimer

Last updated: 20 September 2026

Educational purpose

Everything published on secstackhq.com, and everything taught in SecStack Academy, is for lawful, authorised security work and education. Techniques are demonstrated in lab environments we own or in systems we have written permission to test.

Authorised testing only

Testing a system without permission from its owner is illegal in Pakistan under the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act 2016, and under equivalent laws elsewhere. SecStackHQ accepts no responsibility for any action taken by a reader or student against systems they do not own or have not been authorised to test. If you are unsure whether you have permission, you do not have permission.

No warranty on information

Security changes quickly. We aim to keep articles accurate and update them when we find errors, but information here is provided as is, without warranty, and should not be treated as legal, financial or compliance advice for your specific situation. Test any technique in a lab before applying it to a production system.

Certification bodies

CEH and CPENT are certifications and trademarks of EC-Council. Course names on this site describe preparation and practical training for those certifications. Unless stated on a specific page, SecStackHQ is not claiming to be an accredited training centre for any certification body, and exams are booked directly with the certifying organisation.

Results

Learning outcomes, exam results, job offers and search rankings depend on many things, including your own effort and your market. Examples on this site describe what has happened for specific students or clients and are not a promise of the same outcome for you.

Advertising and external links

This site displays third-party advertising, including Google AdSense. Advertisements are served by those networks and do not represent an endorsement by SecStackHQ. Where a link is an affiliate link, it will be marked as such. External sites have their own terms and privacy policies, and we are not responsible for their content.

Contact

Corrections and questions: info@secstackhq.com, or +92 348 6603537.